All the Sea Creatures of Bermuda

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Key: found only in Bermuda endemic native arrived naturally migrant visitor passes through, does not live here introduced brought in by people protected protected by Bermuda law (Bermuda’s protected species: Protected Species Act 2003 and Fisheries (Protected Species) Order 1978) around the cottages you may see it at Watford Studios

Complete list (1399 species)

Every marine invertebrate species in these groups with a documented record from Bermuda. Many live in deep water far offshore or in Bermuda’s flooded caves, or are so small that only a specialist would notice them: most were found by scientific surveys, as Bermuda has hosted marine research for well over a century. Grouped by type of animal, then by family; use the search box or the buttons to find one.

Source: species recorded in Bermuda in GBIF (the Global Biodiversity Information Facility: museum specimens, scientific surveys and verified sightings, including research-grade iNaturalist records), with fossils left out. Each name was checked against the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) and only accepted species that WoRMS lists as marine or brackish, and not extinct, are kept, under their WoRMS names. Corals, sea fans, black corals and fire coral are on our Corals page, and land crabs and woodlice on the land invertebrates page. Common names come from iNaturalist or GBIF where they have one; the endemic and introduced flags come from iNaturalist’s Bermuda checklist and are a guide only. Protected status from environment.bm, including the cave animals protected by the Protected Species Order 2012. Click a scientific name for its WoRMS page, or a record count to see the Bermuda records. A few old records may be misidentifications. Compiled October 2026.

1399 species

Crabs, lobsters and shrimps (Decapoda; 281)

Common name	Scientific name	Bermuda records
Acanthephyridae
Sharp-nosed deep-sea shrimp	Acanthephyra acutifrons	1
–	Acanthephyra brevirostris	3
Peaked Shrimp	Acanthephyra curtirostris	1
Dressed deep-sea shrimp	Acanthephyra eximia	2
–	Acanthephyra pelagica	7
Fire-breathing Shrimp	Acanthephyra purpurea	18
–	Acanthephyra stylorostratis	13
–	Acanthephyra tenuipes	1
Split deep-sea shrimp	Ephyrina bifida	11
–	Ephyrina hoskynii	1
Northern Ambereye	Hymenodora glacialis	1
Wiry deep-sea shrimp	Hymenodora gracilis	4
–	Meningodora compsa	4
–	Meningodora marptocheles	3
Thin-carapaced deep-sea shrimp	Meningodora miccyla	5
–	Meningodora mollis	9
–	Meningodora vesca	20
–	Notostomus distirus	2
Elegant deep-sea shrimp	Notostomus elegans	1
–	Notostomus gibbosus	1
Robust deep-sea shrimp	Notostomus robustus	12
Aethridae
Box crab	Osachila antillensis	7
Thicklip jewelbox crab	Osachila tuberosa	1
Albuneidae
Surf mole crab	Albunea gibbesii	1
Beach Mole Crab	Albunea paretii	9
Alpheidae
–	Alpheopsis aequalis	1
–	Alpheopsis trigona	1
Banded snapping shrimp	Alpheus armillatus	33
Bahaman Snapping Shrimp	Alpheus bahamensis	2
Olive Snapping Shrimp	Alpheus bellimanus	1
–	Alpheus bouvieri	4
–	Alpheus candei	14
Twistclaw Snapping Shrimp	Alpheus clamator	1
Mediterranean Tooth-footed Snapping Shrimp	Alpheus dentipes	1
Floridian Sand Snapping Shrimp	Alpheus floridanus	1
Blueleg Snapping Shrimp	Alpheus formosus	30
Bigclaw snapping shrimp	Alpheus heterochaelis	5
Spotless Snapping Shrimp	Alpheus immaculatus	2
–	Alpheus lancirostris	4
Green snapping shrimp	Alpheus normanni	15
Nutting's Snapping Shrimp	Alpheus nuttingi	6
–	Alpheus packardii	19
Smoothclaw snapping shrimp	Alpheus paracrinitus	3
Orangetail snapping shrimp	Alpheus peasei	20
–	Alpheus vanderbilti	1
–	Alpheus viridari	1
Bermuda cave snapping shrimp	Bermudacaris harti	5
–	Parabetaeus euryone	1
–	Salmoneus ortmanni	2
–	Salmoneus teres	1
Speckled snapping shrimp	Synalpheus fritzmuelleri	4
–	Synalpheus goodei	27
–	Synalpheus hemphilli	13
–	Synalpheus longicarpus	1
Minor snapping shrimp	Synalpheus minus	12
–	Synalpheus paraneomeris	2
–	Synalpheus scaphoceris	1
Aristeidae
Great red shrimp	Aristaeopsis edwardsiana	2
Atyidae
Atyid shrimpprotectedLives in Bermuda’s flooded caves.	Typhlatya iliffei	8
Axiidae
Serrated Lobster Shrimp	Axiopsis serratifrons	1
Barbouriidae
Cuban cave shrimpprotectedLives in Bermuda’s flooded caves.	Barbouria cubensis	6
–	Parhippolyte antiguensis	1
Sterrer’s cave shrimpprotectedLives in Bermuda’s flooded caves.	Parhippolyte sterreri	2
Benthesicymidae
Graceful blunt-tail prawn	Amalopenaeus elegans	10
–	Bentheogennema intermedia	3
–	Gennadas bouvieri	2
–	Gennadas capensis	2
–	Gennadas scutatus	3
–	Gennadas tinayrei	6
Valuable blunt-tail prawn	Gennadas valens	6
Calappidae
Flame Streaked Box Crab	Calappa flammea	29
–	Calappa galloides	3
Lumpy Box Crab	Calappa gallus	9
Ocellated Box Crab	Calappa ocellata	8
Box crab	Cryptosoma bairdii	6
Shameface Heart Crab	Cryptosoma balguerii	1
Callichiridae
Red-Orange Ghost Shrimp	Corallianassa longiventris	4
Bighand ghost shrimp	Neocallichirus grandimana	8
Cancridae
Jonah Crab	Cancer borealis	1
Carpiliidae
Batwing coral crab	Carpilius corallinus	1
Chirostylidae
–	Heteroptychus brevis	1
–	Uroptychus alphonsei	1
Crangonidae
Porcupine shrimp	Sabinea hystrix	1
Cryptochiridae
–	Troglocarcinus corallicola	21
Diogenidae
–	Allodardanus bredini	13
–	Bathynarius anomalus	6
Orangeclaw Hermit Crab	Calcinus tibicen	28
Verrill’s hermit crabfound only in Bermudain our photo guide	Calcinus verrillii	124
Blue-legged hermit crabin our photo guide	Clibanarius tricolor	60
Bareye hermit	Dardanus fucosus	2
–	Dardanus imperator	1
Red brocade hermit	Dardanus insignis	6
Stareye Hermit	Dardanus venosus	7
–	Paguristes sayi	1
Giant hermit	Petrochirus diogenes	3
Disciadidae
–	Discias atlanticus	1
–	Lucaya bigelowi	2
Domeciidae
Elkhorn Coral Crab	Domecia acanthophora	2
Shaggy Domecia	Domecia hispida	1
Dromiidae
Redeye Sponge Crab	Dromia erythropus	4
Lesser Sponge Crab	Moreiradromia antillensis	1
Enoplometopidae
Dwarf Reef Lobster	Hoplometopus antillensis	1
Epialtidae
Jackknife spider crab	Acanthonyx petiverii	1
Shorthorn decorator crab	Chorinus heros	4
Variegate spider crab	Epialtus bituberculatus	2
–	Macrocoeloma concavum	1
Berumda Decorator Crab	Macrocoeloma nodipes	18
–	Macrocoeloma subparallelum	6
Grass Crab	Macrocoeloma trispinosum	18
Shorthorn spiny crab	Nibilia antilocapra	1
Furcate spider crab	Stenocionops furcatus	1
Tenspine spider crab	Stenocionops spinosissimus	1
Eriphiidae
Redfinger Rubble Crab	Eriphia gonagra	9
Euryplacidae
Glabrous broadface crab	Euryplax nitida	10
Geryonidae
Golden deepsea crab	Chaceon fenneri	6
–	Chaceon inghami	2
Grapsidae
American Nipper	Geograpsus lividus	6
Mangrove Root Crab	Goniopsis cruentata	48
Sally lightfoot crabin our photo guide	Grapsus grapsus	98
Lined Shore Crab	Pachygrapsus crassipes	1
Wharf Crab	Pachygrapsus gracilis	5
Mottled Shore Crab	Pachygrapsus transversus	63
Gulfweed crabin our photo guide	Planes minutus	121
Hippidae
–	Hippa testudinaria	4
Hippolytidae
Cerulean Sargassum Shrimp	Hippolyte coerulescens	28
Zostera Shrimp	Hippolyte zostericola	7
Sargassum Shrimp	Latreutes fucorum	29
Arrow Shrimp	Tozeuma carolinense	8
Inachidae
–	Anomalothir furcillatus	1
Longfinger neck crab	Coryrhynchus riisei	7
Inachoididae
Yellowline Arrow Crab	Stenorhynchus seticornis	8
Leucosiidae
Spurfinger purse crab	Callidactylus asper	2
Longfinger purse crab	Iliacantha subglobosa	2
Lysmatidae
–	Lysmata intermedia	3
Rathbun cleaner shrimp	Lysmata rathbunae	1
Mithracidae
Red Ridged Clinging Crab	Mithraculus forceps	80
Green Emerald Crab	Mithraculus sculptus	1
Coral Clinging Crab	Mithrax hispidus	22
Shaggy clinging crab	Mithrax pleuracanthus	1
Sharphorn clinging crab	Nemausa acuticornis	3
Red spider crab	Nemausa cornuta	4
Speck-claw Decorator Crab	Omalacantha bicornuta	58
Gibbes' Pitho	Pitho aculeata	1
Munididae
–	Iridonida beanii	3
–	Iridonida irrasa	1
Munidopsidae
–	Munidopsis abyssicola	1
–	Munidopsis parfaiti	6
Nephropidae
–	Eunephrops luckhursti	2
Rosy lobsterette	Nephropsis rosea	1
Ocypodidae
Atlantic Ghost Crab	Ocypode quadrata	17
Oplophoridae
Quayle Spinytail	Bralaspis braueri	4
Feeble spiny-tailed shrimp	Debaspis debilis	24
–	Janicella spinicauda	9
Standard spiny-tailed shrimp	Oplophorus spinosus	23
Paguridae
–	Enneobranchus bermudensis	1
Reticulated Hermit	Iridopagurus reticulatus	1
Shortfinger Hermit	Pagurus brevidactylus	18
–	Pagurus marshi	1
Palaemonidae
–	Anchistioides antiguensis	7
Pederson Cleaner Shrimp	Ancylomenes pedersoni	106
Two-Claw Shrimp	Brachycarpus biunguiculatus	6
Bumblebee Shrimp	Gnathophyllum americanum	6
Bermuda sponge shrimp	Holthuisaeus bermudensis	3
Brown Grass Shrimp	Leander tenuicornis	26
Glass Shrimp	Palaemon affinis	5
Caribbean bait prawn	Palaemon northropi	33
Common American Prawn	Palaemon vulgaris	1
American grass shrimp	Palaemonella americana	21
Palicidae
Antillean stilt crab	Palicus affinis	2
Palinuridae
Longarm Furrow Lobster	Justitia longimana	3
Caribbean spiny lobsterin our photo guide	Panulirus argus	63
Spotted Spiny Lobster	Panulirus guttatus	10
Brazilian lobster	Panulirus laevicauda	2
Copper Lobster	Phyllamphion gundlachi	3
Pandalidae
–	Heterocarpus oryx	2
Soldier Striped Shrimp	Plesionika edwardsii	1
Golden Shrimp	Plesionika martia	1
Richard's shrimp	Plesionika richardi	9
Panopeidae
Strongtooth mud crab	Acantholobulus bermudensis	26
Flat mud crab	Eurypanopeus depressus	1
Atlantic Mud Crab	Panopeus herbstii	28
Knotfinger mud crab	Panopeus lacustris	12
Western mud crab	Panopeus occidentalis	9
Parapaguridae
–	Paragiopagurus pilimanus	1
Anemone deep-water hermit crab	Parapagurus pilosimanus	1
Parthenopidae
Sawtooth elbow crab	Platylambrus serratus	9
Pasiphaeidae
Bermuda comb shrimp	Leptochela bermudensis	8
–	Parapasiphae cristata	6
Grooveback Shrimp	Parapasiphae sulcatifrons	16
–	Pasiphaea hoplocerca	3
–	Pasiphaea liocerca	2
Penaeidae
Hairy prawn	Funchalia villosa	2
Caribbean velvet shrimp	Metapenaeopsis goodei	20
–	Metapenaeopsis hobbsi	1
–	Metapenaeopsis smithi	8
Brown Shrimp	Penaeus aztecus	1
Caribbean brown shrimp	Penaeus brasiliensis	16
Pink Shrimp	Penaeus duorarum	5
Roughneck prawn	Rimapenaeus constrictus	9
–	Trachypenaeopsis mobilispinis	3
Percnidae
Nimble Spray Crab	Percnon gibbesi	39
Flat-bodied Crab	Percnon planissimum	3
Petalidiumidae
–	Petalidium obesum	2
Physetocarididae
–	Physetocaris microphthalma	2
Pilumnidae
Areolated hairy crab	Lobopilumnus agassizii	14
–	Lobopilumnus bermudensis	12
Tuberculate hairy crab	Pilumnus gemmatus	3
Plagusiidae
Tidal Spray Crab	Plagusia depressa	19
Polybiidae
Bathyal swimming crab	Bathynectes longispina	3
Polychelidae
–	Polycheles typhlops	1
Flatback Lobster	Stereomastis sculpta	1
Porcellanidae
Green Porcelain Crab	Petrolisthes armatus	88
Portunidae
Delicate swimming crab	Achelous anceps	15
Flatface Swimming Crab	Achelous depressifrons	33
Redhair swimming crab	Achelous ordwayi	12
Ocellate Swimming Crab	Achelous sebae	7
Spiny-handed Portunus	Achelous spinimanus	6
Crevice sculling crab	Achelous tumidulus	2
Speckled crab	Arenaeus cribrarius	1
Rugose Swimming Crab	Callinectes exasperatus	3
Marbled Swimming Crab	Callinectes marginatus	3
Ornate Blue Crab	Callinectes ornatus	42
Atlantic Blue Crab	Callinectes sapidus	5
Blackpoint sculling crab	Cronius ruber	2
Sargassum Swimming Crab	Portunus sayi	52
Procarididae
Procarid shrimpprotectedLives in Bermuda’s flooded caves.	Procaris chacei	2
Processidae
Bermuda night shrimp	Processa bermudensis	6
Processa Shrimp	Processa canaliculata	1
–	Processa famelica	2
Pseudorhombilidae
Spiny mud crab	Garthiope spinipes	9
Sculptured mud crab	Micropanope sculptipes	1
Rough squareback crab	Nanoplax xanthiformis	2
Beaded mud crab	Scopolius nuttingi	1
Raninidae
Eroded frog crab	Symethis variolosa	1
Rhynchocinetidae
Red Night Shrimp	Cinetorhynchus manningi	4
Atlantic Dancing Shrimp	Cinetorhynchus rigens	6
Scyllaridae
Regal slipper lobster	Arctides guineensis	13
Chinese lobster	Evibacus princeps	1
Sculptured Slipper Lobster	Parribacus antarcticus	1
Spanish Lobster	Scyllarides aequinoctialis	11
Mediterranean slipper lobster	Scyllarides latus	1
Spanish lobster	Scyllarides nodifer	4
Sergestidae
–	Allosergestes pectinatus	8
–	Allosergestes sargassi	8
–	Cornutosergestes cornutus	4
–	Deosergestes henseni	8
–	Gardinerosergia splendens	12
–	Neosergestes edwardsii	2
–	Parasergestes armatus	9
–	Parasergestes vigilax	9
–	Phorcosergia bisulcata	1
–	Phorcosergia grandis	6
Strong prawn	Robustosergia robusta	5
–	Sergestes atlanticus	10
–	Sergia remipes	7
Slender-legged prawn	Sergia tenuiremis	6
Sesarmidae
Mangrove Tree Crab	Aratus pisonii	5
Squareback Marsh Crab	Armases cinereum	2
–	Armases miersii	3
Humic Marsh Crab	Armases ricordi	27
Sicyoniidae
–	Sicyonia parri	1
Eyespot rock shrimp	Sicyonia stimpsoni	2
Wheeler's rock shrimp	Sicyonia wheeleri	4
Solenoceridae
Transparent prawn	Hymenopenaeus laevis	3
Stenopodidae
Banded Coral Shrimp	Stenopus hispidus	14
Thoridae
Humpbacked Shrimp	Thor amboinensis	1
Dicaprio's Squat Anemone Shrimp	Thor dicaprio	2
Bryozoan shrimp	Thor floridanus	1
Manning grass shrimp	Thor manningi	4
Upogebiidae
–	Gebiacantha bermudensis	1
Varunidae
Sandy-rubble Crab	Cyclograpsus integer	6
Xanthidae
Spinose rubble crab	Actaea acantha	1
–	Allactaea lithostrota	1
Thorny mud crab	Batodaeus urinator	2
Florida Leptodius	Cataleptodius floridanus	17
–	Paractaea nodosa	1
Black coral crab	Paraliomera dispar	1
Bristled Rubble Crab	Platyactaea setigera	24
Gaudy Clown Crab	Platypodiella spectabilis	4
Rough rubble crab	Pseudomedaeus agassizi	1
Denticulate rubble crab	Williamstimpsonia denticulata	19

Mantis shrimps (Stomatopoda; 12)

Common name	Scientific name	Bermuda records
Gonodactylidae
–	Gonodactylellus spinosus	1
Chiragra Mantis Shrimp	Gonodactylus chiragra	8
–	Neogonodactylus bredini	29
Lightbourn's mantis shrimp	Neogonodactylus lightbourni	3
Swollen-claw Mantis	Neogonodactylus oerstedii	21
–	Neogonodactylus spinulosus	2
Caribbean Rock Mantis Shrimp	Neogonodactylus wennerae	1
Lysiosquillidae
Tiger Mantis	Lysiosquilla maculata	1
Pseudosquillidae
Common Mantis Shrimp	Pseudosquilla ciliata	15
–	Pseudosquillisma oculata	1
Squillidae
–	Alima neptuni	1
–	Meiosquilla lebouri	1

Sea lice, gribbles and other isopods (Isopoda; 84)

Common name	Scientific name	Bermuda records
Aegidae
–	Aega lecontii	1
Antheluridae
–	Anthomuda affinis	4
Anthuridae
–	Apanthurella harringtoniensis	9
–	Apanthuretta magnifica	1
–	Mesanthura bermudensis	9
Bopyridae
–	Leidya bimini	1
–	Parathelges piriformis	2
–	Probopyrinella latreuticola	4
–	Stegias clibanarii	3
Cirolanidae
Cirolanid isopodprotectedLives in Bermuda’s flooded caves.	Arubolana aruboides	5
–	Colopisthus parvus	11
–	Eurydice personata	1
–	Excirolana mayana	3
Corallanidae
–	Alcirona insularis	1
–	Alcirona krebsii	3
–	Excorallana quadricornis	12
–	Excorallana tricornis	1
Cymothoidae
Jackchoker	Cymothoa oestrum	3
–	Glossobius hemiramphi	1
Flyingfish Tongue-eater	Glossobius impressus	1
–	Mothocya argenosa	1
–	Mothocya bermudensis	7
–	Mothocya nana	4
–	Nerocila acuminata	3
–	Nerocila lanceolata	1
Dendrotionidae
–	Acanthomunna agassizi	1
Desmosomatidae
–	Chelator verecundus	6
–	Chelator vulgaris	2
–	Eugerda fulcimandibulata	1
–	Eugerda imbricata	3
–	Eugerda pannosa	3
–	Eugerdella ischnomesoides	2
–	Mirabilicoxa acuminata	2
–	Mirabilicoxa birsteini	2
–	Mirabilicoxa cornuta	1
–	Mirabilicoxa exopodata	1
–	Mirabilicoxa minuta	3
–	Mirabilicoxa palpata	1
–	Mirabilicoxa plana	1
–	Momedossa profunda	2
–	Prochelator abyssalis	3
–	Prochelator incomitatus	3
–	Prochelator litus	1
–	Torwolia creper	2
–	Torwolia subchelatus	4
–	Whoia variabilis	1
Haplomunnidae
–	Munella gayda	2
–	Thylakogaster lobotourus	9
Haploniscidae
–	Chandraniscus kussakini	2
–	Haploniscus gnanamuthi	2
Hyssuridae
–	Hyssura gracilis	4
–	Kupellonura imswe	1
–	Kupellonura serritelson	1
Idoteidae
–	Erichsonella filiformis	1
Baltic Isopod	Idotea balthica	10
Metallic Isopod	Idotea metallica	8
Janiridae
–	Carpias algicola	7
–	Carpias bermudensis	21
Sargasso Witcher	Carpias minutus	56
–	Carpias serricaudus	1
Joeropsididae
–	Joeropsis nigricapitis	6
–	Joeropsis rathbunae	2
Leptanthuridae
–	Calathura brachiata	1
–	Curassanthura bermudensis	2
Limnoriidae
Wood gribble, Gribble	Limnoria lignorum	1
–	Limnoria multipunctata	1
Macrostylidae
–	Macrostylis papillata	1
Mesosignidae
–	Bermudasignum frankenbergi	1
Munnopsidae
–	Eurycope iphthima	3
–	Ilyarachna una	1
–	Lipomera curvintestinata	1
–	Storthyngura vemae	4
Paramunnidae
–	Boreosignum somersensis	2
Paranthuridae
–	Colanthura tenuis	9
–	Paranthura infundibulata	12
–	Paranthura verrillii	1
Santiidae
–	Santia milleri	2
Sphaeromatidae
–	Dynamenella perforata	19
–	Paracerceis caudata	53
Isopod	Paradella dianae	1
–	Paradella quadripunctata	1
Stenetriidae
–	Stenetriidae incertae	23
–	Stenobermuda acutirostrata	2
–	Stenobermuda iliffei	4

Amphipods (sand hoppers and their relatives) (Amphipoda; 157)

Common name	Scientific name	Bermuda records
Acanthonotozomatidae
–	Acanthonotozoma portum	1
Amphilochidae
–	Apolochus brunneus	3
Amphithyridae
–	Amphithyrus bispinosus	1
–	Amphithyrus sculpturatus	5
Ampithoidae
–	Ampithoe longimana	43
–	Ampithoe pollex	100
–	Ampithoe rubricata	3
–	Ampithoe valida	3
–	Cymadusa crassicornis	1
–	Cymadusa filosa	21
–	Sunamphitoe pelagica	2
Aoridae
–	Autonoe longipes	13
–	Bemlos spinicarpus	1
–	Columbaora longipalpa	1
–	Grandidierella makena	1
–	Microdeutopus anomalus	1
Brachyscelidae
–	Brachyscelus crusculum	10
–	Brachyscelus globiceps	1
Caprellidae
–	Caprella bermudia	2
Skeleton shrimp	Caprella danilevskii	1
Skeleton shrimp	Caprella equilibra	7
–	Deutella aspiducha	11
–	Deutella incerta	12
Skeleton shrimp	Hemiaegina minuta	12
Skeleton shrimp	Pseudaeginella biscaynensis	13
Cebocaridae
–	Crybelocyphocaris tattersalli	3
Cheluridae
Wood-boring amphipod	Chelura terebrans	5
Colomastigidae
–	Colomastix pusilla	2
Corophiidae
–	Apocorophium acutum	1
Cyamidae
Whale-louse	Cyamus boopis	1
–	Neocyamus physeteris	1
Cyphocarididae
–	Cyphocaris challengeri	7
Dogielinotidae
–	Parhyalella batesoni	1
Endevouridae
–	Ensayara entrichoma	5
Eupronoidae
–	Eupronoe minuta	1
–	Parapronoe crustulum	7
–	Parapronoe parva	11
Hadziidae
–	Metaniphargus nicholsoni	1
Hyalidae
–	Apohyale perieri	1
–	Apohyale prevostii	2
–	Parhyale hawaiensis	35
Hyperiidae
–	Hyperia spinigera	10
Ingolfiellidae
–	Ingolfiella atlantisi	1
–protectedLives in Bermuda’s flooded caves.	Ingolfiella longipes	2
Ischyroceridae
Gammarid	Ericthonius brasiliensis	37
–	Ericthonius difformis	1
Iulopididae
–	Iulopis mirabilis	2
Lanceolidae
–	Lanceola clausii	14
–	Lanceola loveni	31
–	Lanceola pacifica	14
–	Lanceola sayana	5
–	Lanceola serrata	5
–	Scypholanceola aestiva	29
Lestrigonidae
–	Hyperioides longipes	2
–	Lestrigonus latissimus	2
–	Lestrigonus schizogeneios	1
–	Phronimopsis spinifera	2
Leucothoidae
–	Leucothoe spinicarpa	4
Liljeborgiidae
–protectedLives in Bermuda’s flooded caves.	Idunella sketi	1
–	Idunella verrilli	2
Lycaeidae
–	Lycaea bovallii	6
–	Lycaea nasuta	2
–	Lycaea pulex	7
–	Lycaea serrata	3
–	Lycaea vincentii	2
–	Simorhynchotus antennarius	1
Lycaeopsidae
–	Lycaeopsis themistoides	1
Lysianassidae
–	Acosta punctata	1
–	Shoemakerella lowryi	36
Maeridae
–	Ceradocus breweri	1
–	Ceradocus orchestiipes	2
–	Ceradocus parkeri	3
–	Clessidra tinkerensis	18
–	Elasmopus magnispinatus	1
–	Elasmopus pocillimanus	1
Gammarid	Elasmopus rapax	4
–	Quadrimaera ariel	19
–	Quadrimaera caliban	5
–	Quadrimaera ceres	16
–	Quadrimaera inaequipes	4
–	Quadrimaera miranda	5
–	Quadrimaera quadrimana	7
Megalanceolidae
–	Megalanceola stephenseni	18
Melitidae
–	Desdimelita desdichada	1
–	Dulichiella appendiculata	5
–	Dulichiella fresnelii	7
–	Melita palmata	1
–	Melita planaterga	30
–	Melita stocki	1
Metalanceolidae
–	Metalanceola chevreuxi	1
Microphasmidae
–	Microphasma agassizi	12
Mimonecteolidae
–	Mimonecteola beebei	4
Oxycephalidae
–	Calamorhynchus pellucidus	14
–	Glossocephalus milneedwardsi	3
–	Leptocotis tenuirostris	7
–	Oxycephalus clausi	19
–	Oxycephalus piscator	3
–	Rhabdosoma brevicaudatum	5
–	Rhabdosoma whitei	1
–	Streetsia challengeri	23
–	Streetsia porcella	10
Paraphronimidae
–	Paraphronima crassipes	12
–	Paraphronima gracilis	6
Parascelidae
–	Parascelus edwardsi	2
–	Thyropus sphaeroma	1
Phliantidae
–	Pariphinotus tuckeri	8
Photidae
–	Audulla chelifera	6
–	Gammaropsis lina	2
–	Gammaropsis sophiae	7
Phronimidae
–	Phronima atlantica	18
–	Phronima curvipes	4
–	Phronima pacifica	18
Barrel Amphipod	Phronima sedentaria	58
–	Phronima stebbingi	4
–	Phronimella elongata	7
Phrosinidae
–	Anchylomera blossevillei	9
–	Phrosina semilunata	15
–	Primno brevidens	1
–	Primno johnsoni	8
–	Primno macropa	80
Platyscelidae
–	Hemityphis tenuimanus	4
–	Paratyphis maculatus	2
–	Platyscelus armatus	8
–	Platyscelus ovoides	9
–	Tetrathyrus forcipatus	2
Podoceridae
–	Podobothrus bermudensis	10
–	Podocerus lazowasemi	28
–	Podocerus tachyrheo	19
Pontogeneiidae
–	Eusiroides monoculoides	8
Pseudoniphargidae
Bermuda cave amphipodprotectedLives in Bermuda’s flooded caves.	Pseudoniphargus grandimanus	23
Scinidae
–	Acanthoscina acanthodes	1
–	Scina borealis	11
–	Scina crassicornis	110
–	Scina curvidactyla	29
–	Scina incerta	28
–	Scina marginata	1
–	Scina spinosa	7
–	Scina submarginata	1
–	Scina vosseleri	4
Stenothoidae
–	Stenothoe antennulariae	1
–	Stenothoe cattai	4
–	Stenothoe clavetta	4
–	Stenothoe marina	7
–	Stenothoe minuta	1
Gammarid	Stenothoe valida	8
Synopiidae
–	Synopia ultramarina	2
Talitridae
–	Insularorchestia monodi	22
Checkerback Sandhopper	Mexorchestia carpenteri	10
Beach flea	Platorchestia platensis	81
Thoriellidae
–	Thoriella islandica	1
Tryphanidae
–	Tryphana malmii	2
Valettiopsidae
–	Valettiopsis dentata	1
Vibiliidae
–	Vibilia armata	4
–	Vibilia australis	1
–	Vibilia cultripes	1
–	Vibilia propinqua	2
–	Vibilia viatrix	1

Other small crustaceans (tanaids, cumaceans, mysids and more; 64)

Common name	Scientific name	Bermuda records
Apseudidae
–	Apseudes orghidani	1
Bentheuphausiidae
Deep Sea Krill	Bentheuphausia amblyops	4
Bodotriidae
–	Atlantocuma tenue	1
Eucopiidae
–	Eucopia sculpticauda	1
–	Eucopia unguiculata	34
Euphausiidae
–	Euphausia americana	1
–	Euphausia brevis	1
–	Euphausia gibboides	1
–	Euphausia mutica	1
–	Euphausia tenera	1
–	Hansarsia megalops	2
–	Nematobrachion boopis	6
–	Nematobrachion flexipes	1
–	Stylocheiron abbreviatum	1
–	Stylocheiron carinatum	1
–	Stylocheiron longicorne	1
–	Thysanoessa gregaria	1
–	Thysanoessa parva	1
–	Thysanopoda aequalis	2
–	Thysanopoda microphthalma	8
–	Thysanopoda obtusifrons	1
–	Thysanopoda tricuspidata	2
Gnathophausiidae
–	Neognathophausia gigas	11
Deep water giant red mysid	Neognathophausia ingens	8
Lampropidae
–	Mesolamprops abyssalis	3
–	Platytyphlops ledoyeri	1
Leptocheliidae
–	Chondrochelia dubia	8
–	Hargeria rapax	1
Metapseudidae
–	Hoplopolemius propinquus	6
–	Hoplopolemius triangulatus	1
–	Synapseudes erici	5
Mictocarididae
Bermuda Cave ShrimpprotectedLives in Bermuda’s flooded caves.	Mictocaris halope	13
Mysidae
–	Acanthomysis longicornis	1
–	Anchialina typica	5
Opossum shrimp	Bermudamysis speluncola	12
–	Euchaetomera glyphidophthalmica	3
–	Euchaetomera tenuis	2
–	Heteromysis bermudensis	4
–	Longithorax capensis	2
–	Mysidium gracile	2
–	Mysidium integrum	1
Sterrer's Cave MysidprotectedLives in Bermuda’s flooded caves.	Platyops sterreri	3
–	Siriella thompsonii	11
Nannastacidae
–	Campylaspis affinis	1
–	Campylaspis alba	1
–	Campylaspis mansa	4
–	Cumella hirsuta	1
–	Cumella ocellata	1
–	Cumella somersi	1
–	Schizotrema wittmanni	1
Neotanaidae
–	Carololangia plumata	2
–	Neotanais americanus	10
–	Neotanais dinotomer	7
–	Neotanais hastiger	2
–	Venusticrus glandurus	1
Paranarthrurellidae
–	Armatognathia swing	2
–	Paranarthrurella rocknroll	1
Paranebaliidae
–	Paranebalia longipes	46
Parapseudidae
–	Parapseudes goodei	4
Paratanaidae
–	Paratanais euelpis	2
–	Paratanais waltsikorai	15
Tanaididae
–	Tanais dulongii	12
–	Zeuxo coralensis	6
Tulumellidae
–	Tulumella grandis	18

Barnacles (Cirripedia; 18)

Common name	Scientific name	Bermuda records
Balanidae
Striped Barnacleintroduced	Amphibalanus amphitrite	20
Ivory Barnacle	Amphibalanus eburneus	4
Bay barnacle	Amphibalanus improvisus	1
Catophragmidae
–	Catophragmus imbricatus	2
Chelonibiidae
–	Chelonibia caretta	1
Turtle Barnacle	Chelonibia testudinaria	1
Chthamalidae
–	Chthamalus angustitergum	22
Coronulidae
–	Coronula diadema	2
Lepadidae
Buoy Barnacle	Dosima fascicularis	1
Pelagic Gooseneck Barnacle	Lepas anatifera	23
Goose Barnacle	Lepas anserifera	11
–	Lepas australis	1
–	Lepas indica	9
Small Goose Barnacle	Lepas pectinata	13
Poecilasmatidae
–	Octolasmis hoeki	1
Pyrgomatidae
–	Ceratoconcha domingensis	5
Tetraclitidae
–	Tesseropora atlantica	5
Ribbed Barnacle	Tetraclita stalactifera	1

Sea urchins and sand dollars (Echinoidea; 25)

Common name	Scientific name	Bermuda records
Aeropsidae
Crooked heart sea urchin	Aeropsis rostrata	1
Brissidae
Groove Burrowing Urchin	Brissus unicolor	6
Red Heart Urchin	Meoma ventricosa	2
Cidaridae
Abyssal sea urchin	Cidaris abyssicola	1
Slate Pencil Urchin	Eucidaris tribuloides	26
Red Sea Urchin	Stylocidaris affinis	1
Diadematidae
Long-spined sea urchinprotected in our photo guide	Diadema antillarum	43
–	Diadema setosum	1
Echinidae
Uniform sea urchin	Gracilechinus affinis	1
Echinometridae
Rock-boring urchinin our photo guide	Echinometra lucunter	43
Green Rock-boring Urchin	Echinometra viridis	1
Echinoneidae
Round-mouth Bean Urchin	Echinoneus cyclostomus	10
Echinothuriidae
Peters's sea urchin	Hygrosoma petersii	2
–	Tromikosoma koehleri	1
Fibulariidae
–	Echinocyamus grandiporus	3
Hemiasteridae
Awakened heart sea urchin	Holanthus expergitus	1
Mellitidae
Six-keyhole Sand Dollar	Leodia sexiesperforata	29
Phormosomatidae
Flattened Sea Urchin	Phormosoma placenta	3
Saleniidae
–	Salenocidaris profundi	1
Schizasteridae
–	Aceste bellidifera	1
Mud Heart Urchin	Moira atropos	4
–	Schizaster floridiensis	1
Toxopneustidae
Variegated Sea Urchin	Lytechinus variegatus	80
West Indian sea eggprotected in our photo guide	Tripneustes ventricosus	52
Trigonocidaridae
–	Genocidaris maculata	1

Sea stars (Asteroidea; 9)

Common name	Scientific name	Bermuda records
Asteriidae
–	Coronaster briareus	1
White Sea Star	Coscinasterias tenuispina	59
Odd-rayed Star	Stephanasterias albula	1
Asterinidae
Common blunt armed sea star	Asterinides folium	8
Chaetasteridae
–	Chaetaster nodosus	3
Luidiidae
Gray Sea Star	Luidia clathrata	8
Ophidiasteridae
–	Copidaster schismochilus	1
Guilding's Sea Star	Linckia guildingi	28
Oreasteridae
Red Cushion Sea Star	Oreaster reticulatus	3

Brittle stars (Ophiuroidea; 34)

Common name	Scientific name	Bermuda records
Amphilepididae
–	Amphilepis ingolfiana	1
Amphiuridae
–	Amphiodia pulchella	5
–	Amphipholis gracillima	1
Dwarf Brittle Star	Amphipholis squamata	13
–	Ophiostigma isocanthum	3
Euryalidae
–	Asteroschema clavigerum	2
–	Ophiocreas oedipus	1
Gorgonocephalidae
–	Asteroporpa annulata	2
–	Astrochele lymani	1
Basket Starfish	Astrophyton muricatum	1
Ophiacanthidae
–	Ophiacantha abyssicola	1
Ophiactidae
–	Ophiactis algicola	5
–	Ophiactis muelleri	3
Little Six-arm Brittle Star	Ophiactis savignyi	40
Ophiocomidae
Blunt-spined Brittle Star	Ophiocoma echinata	52
Coralline Brittle Star	Ophiocomella ophiactoides	11
Banded Ophiocoma	Ophiocomella pumila	26
Red ophiocoma	Ophiomastix wendtii	6
Ophiodermatidae
–	Ophiocryptus dubius	1
Harlequin brittle star	Ophioderma appressum	21
Short-spined Ophioderma	Ophioderma brevicaudum	1
–	Ophioderma elaps	1
Ruby brittle star	Ophioderma rubicundum	4
Ophiolepididae
–	Ophiolepis ailsae	1
–	Ophiolepis gemma	3
Scaly Brittle Star	Ophiolepis impressa	1
–	Ophiolepis paucispina	11
–	Ophiotypa simplex	1
Ophiomyxidae
Slimy Brittle Star	Ophiomyxa flaccida	20
Ophionereididae
Reticulated Brittle Star	Ophionereis reticulata	69
Ophiopyrgidae
–	Amphiophiura bullata	2
Ophiotrichidae
Angular Brittle Star	Ophiothrix angulata	5
Suenson's brittle star	Ophiothrix suensonii	5
Ophiuridae
–	Ophiura ljungmani	2

Sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea; 19)

Common name	Scientific name	Bermuda records
Chiridotidae
–	Chiridota peloria	1
Worm cucumber	Chiridota rotifera	27
Cucumariidae
Surinam Parathyone	Parathyone surinamensis	31
Holothuriidae
Five-toothed Sea Cucumber	Actinopyga agassizii	4
Sand Sea Cucumber	Holothuria arenicola	15
–	Holothuria cubana	6
Impatient Sea Cucumber	Holothuria impatiens	1
Golden Sea Cucumber	Holothuria parvula	24
Surinam Sea Cucumber	Holothuria surinamensis	21
Tiger tail sea cocumber	Holothuria thomasi	2
Myriotrochidae
–	Myriotrochus bathybius	3
–	Siniotrochus phoxus	3
Psolidae
–	Lissothuria antillensis	1
Stichopodidae
Four-sided sea cucumberprotected in our photo guide	Isostichopus badionotus	85
Synaptidae
Rosy footless sea cucumber	Epitomapta roseola	17
Beaded Sea Cucumber	Euapta lappa	2
–	Eupatinapta acanthia	11
–	Protankyra brychia	1
–	Synaptula hydriformis	27

Feather stars (Crinoidea; 1)

Common name	Scientific name	Bermuda records
Comatulidae
–	Davidaster rubiginosus	1

Octopus and squid (Cephalopoda; 85)

Common name	Scientific name	Bermuda records
Alloposidae
Haliphron	Haliphron atlanticus	4
Amphitretidae
Pygmy Pelagic Octopod	Bolitaena pygmaea	92
Diaphanous Pelagic Octopus	Japetella diaphana	2
Glass Octopus	Vitreledonella richardi	24
Ancistrocheiridae
Sharp-eared Enope Squid	Ancistrocheirus lesueurii	17
Argonautidae
Common Paper Nautilus	Argonauta argo	16
Brown Argonaut	Argonauta hians	2
Bathypolypodidae
Arctic deepsea octopus	Bathypolypus arcticus	1
Bathyteuthidae
Abyssal Squid	Bathyteuthis abyssicola	16
Brachioteuthidae
–	Brachioteuthis beanii	1
Common arm squid	Brachioteuthis riisei	78
Chiroteuthidae
–	Chiroteuthis joubini	2
Long-armed squid	Chiroteuthis mega	2
–	Chiroteuthis spoeli	2
Long-armed squid	Chiroteuthis veranii	12
Bonpland's squid	Grimalditeuthis bonplandii	9
Chtenopterygidae
Comb-finned squid	Chtenopteryx sicula	72
Cranchiidae
Lyre Cranch Squid	Bathothauma lyromma	68
Glass squid	Cranchia scabra	5
Glass squid	Egea inermis	2
Armed cranch squid	Galiteuthis armata	3
–	Helicocranchia papillata	133
Banded Piglet Squid	Helicocranchia pfefferi	106
Atlantic Cranch Squid	Leachia atlantica	1
Leach's Cranch Squid	Leachia cyclura	194
–	Leachia dislocata	1
–	Leachia lemur	12
Reinhardt's cranch squid	Liocranchia reinhardtii	2
–	Megalocranchia oceanica	170
Antarctic Cranch Squid	Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni	1
Peacock Cranch Squid	Taonius pavo	39
Atlantic cranch squid	Teuthowenia megalops	8
Cycloteuthidae
–	Cycloteuthis sirventi	5
–	Discoteuthis laciniosa	9
Enoploteuthidae
–	Abralia redfieldi	29
Eye-flash squid	Abralia veranyi	1
–	Abraliopsis morisii	121
–	Enoploteuthis anapsis	16
Hooked enope squid	Enoploteuthis leptura	4
Histioteuthidae
–	Histioteuthis celetaria	2
–	Histioteuthis corona	15
Jewell squid	Histioteuthis meleagroteuthis	27
Jewel squid	Histioteuthis reversa	1
Arcturus Cock-eyed Squid	Stigmatoteuthis arcturi	6
–	Stigmatoteuthis dofleini	59
Joubiniteuthidae
–	Joubiniteuthis portieri	2
Lampadioteuthidae
Wonderful firefly squid	Lampadioteuthis megaleia	5
Lepidoteuthidae
Grimald's Scaled Squid	Lepidoteuthis grimaldii	11
Loliginidae
Long-finned Inshore Squid	Doryteuthis pealeii	4
Slender inshore squid	Doryteuthis pleii	4
Caribbean reef squidin our photo guide	Sepioteuthis sepioidea	52
Lycoteuthidae
Crowned Firefly Squid	Lycoteuthis lorigera	1
Moon Squid	Selenoteuthis scintillans	51
Mastigoteuthidae
Whip-lash squid	Magnoteuthis magna	57
Hjort's Whiplash Squid	Mastigopsis hjorti	12
–	Mastigoteuthis grimaldii	3
Neoteuthidae
Thiele’s new squid	Neoteuthis thielei	2
Octopodidae
Caribbean two-spot octopus	Octopus hummelincki	2
Reef octopusin our photo guide	Octopus insularis	32
Common Octopus	Octopus vulgaris	7
Brazilian eastern octopus	Pinnoctopus furvus	1
Atlantic White-spotted Octopus	Pinnoctopus macropus	1
Dana Octopus	Pteroctopus schmidti	3
Atlantic warty octopus	Scaeurgus unicirrhus	6
Octopoteuthidae
Taning's Octopus-squid	Octopoteuthis danae	8
Ruppell's octopus squid	Octopoteuthis sicula	23
Dana Octopus-Squid	Taningia danae	13
Ocythoidae
Football octopus	Ocythoe tuberculata	2
Ommastrephidae
Glassy flying squid	Hyaloteuthis pelagica	26
Akaika	Ommastrephes bartramii	8
Webbed Flying Squid	Ommastrephes caroli	2
Atlantic Bird Squid	Ornithoteuthis antillarum	4
Orangeback flying squid	Sthenoteuthis pteropus	2
European flying squid	Todarodes sagittatus	3
Onychoteuthidae
Common Clubhook Squid	Onychoteuthis banksii	122
–	Onychoteuthis mollis	2
Caribbean Clubhook Squid	Onykia carriboea	25
–	Walvisteuthis rancureli	1
Pyroteuthidae
Roundear Fire Squid	Pterygioteuthis giardi	144
Jewel enope squid	Pyroteuthis margaritifera	251
Sepiolidae
Odd bobtail squid	Heteroteuthis dispar	2
Spirulidae
Ram’s horn squidin our photo guide	Spirula spirula	41
Thysanoteuthidae
Diamondback Squid	Thysanoteuthis rhombus	3
Tremoctopodidae
Atlantic Blanket Octopus	Tremoctopus violaceus	61
Vampyroteuthidae
Deep-sea Vampire Squid	Vampyroteuthis infernalis	16

Jellyfish (Scyphozoa; 19)

Common name	Scientific name	Bermuda records
Atollidae
–	Atolla bairdii	2
–	Atolla parva	1
–	Atolla russelli	1
–	Atolla vanhoeffeni	5
Atolla Jelly	Atolla wyvillei	153
Cassiopeidae
Upside-down jellyfishin our photo guide	Cassiopea andromeda	19
Caribbean Upsidedown Jelly	Cassiopea frondosa	1
Upside-down jellyfish	Cassiopea xamachana	3
Drymonematidae
Dalmatian mane jelly	Drymonema dalmatinum	3
Purple Sea Mane	Drymonema gorgo	3
Pink Meanie	Drymonema larsoni	5
Linuchidae
Thimble Jelly	Linuche unguiculata	15
Nausithoidae
Crown jellyfish	Nausithoe punctata	4
Pelagiidae
Mauve Stinger	Pelagia noctiluca	38
Periphyllidae
Helmet Jellyfish	Periphylla periphylla	282
Ulmaridae
Common Moon Jelly	Aurelia aurita	8
Southern Moon Jelly	Aurelia marginalis	17
–	Deepstaria reticulum	2
Red Jelly	Poralia rufescens	3

Box jellyfish (Cubozoa; 3)

Common name	Scientific name	Bermuda records
Alatinidae
Winged Box Jelly	Alatina alata	9
Carybdeidae
Mediterranean Box Jelly	Carybdea marsupialis	9
Box jelly	Carybdea xaymacana	2

Hydroids, siphonophores and small jellyfish (Hydrozoa, including the Portuguese man o’ war; 164)

Common name	Scientific name	Bermuda records
Abylidae
–	Abyla trigona	4
–	Abylopsis eschscholtzii	6
–	Abylopsis tetragona	18
–	Bassia bassensis	16
–	Ceratocymba sagittata	17
Aeginidae
Golf tee medusa	Aegina citrea	22
–	Aeginura grimaldii	109
Aequoreidae
–	Aequorea floridana	10
Crystal jelly	Aequorea forskalea	2
–	Zygocanna vagans	4
Agalmatidae
Paired-Bell Siphonophore	Agalma okenii	12
–	Halistemma rubrum	1
Aglaopheniidae
–	Aglaophenia dubia	12
–	Aglaophenia elongata	1
Feather Plume Hydroid	Aglaophenia latecarinata	50
–	Aglaophenia rhynchocarpa	1
–	Gymnangium sinuosum	1
–	Gymnangium speciosum	6
–	Macrorhynchia allmani	3
Black bush hydroid	Macrorhynchia clarkei	8
Philippine hydroid	Macrorhynchia philippina	4
Bougainvilliidae
Hydroid	Bimeria vestita	3
–	Bougainvillia aberrans	7
Bougainvillia polyp	Bougainvillia muscus	6
–	Bougainvillia niobe	44
–	Millardiana longitentaculata	1
–	Parawrightia robusta	2
–	Silhouetta uvacarpa	1
Bythotiaridae
–	Protiaropsis anonyma	2
Campanulariidae
–	Campanularia hincksii	2
–	Campanularia lennoxensis	1
–	Campanularia macroscypha	4
–	Campanularia volubilis	5
–	Clytia brevithecata	1
–	Clytia elsaeoswaldae	1
–	Clytia gracilis	5
Hydroid	Clytia hemisphaerica	10
Linear bell hydroid	Clytia linearis	6
–	Clytia macrotheca	3
–	Clytia noliformis	9
–	Clytia paulensis	1
–	Clytia simplex	1
–	Clytia thornelyi	3
Double-toothed Hydroid	Obelia bidentata	7
Sea Thread Hydroid	Obelia dichotoma	24
Knotted Thread Hydroid	Obelia geniculata	1
–	Orthopyxis integra	2
–	Orthopyxis sargassicola	2
Campanulinidae
–	Egmundella superba	3
–	Plicatotheca anitae	1
Cirrholoveniidae
–	Cirrholovenia tetranema	2
Cladonematidae
Athecate hydroid	Cladonema radiatum	4
–	Eleutheria dichotoma	1
–	Staurocladia vallentini	1
Corymorphidae
One-armed Jelly	Corymorpha pendula	1
–	Corymorpha valdiviae	13
Corynidae
–	Coryne sargassicola	4
Cuninidae
–	Solmissus incisa	14
Cytaeididae
–	Cytaeis tetrastyla	4
Diphyidae
–	Chelophyes appendiculata	13
–	Diphyes bojani	10
–	Diphyes dispar	12
–	Eudoxoides mitra	10
–	Eudoxoides spiralis	6
–	Lensia fowleri	2
–	Sulculeolaria biloba	4
–	Sulculeolaria monoica	5
–	Sulculeolaria quadrivalvis	1
Eirenidae
–	Eirene pyramidalis	6
Erennidae
–	Erenna cornuta	1
Eudendriidae
–	Eudendrium bathyalis	1
–	Eudendrium bermudense	5
Red Stickhydroid	Eudendrium carneum	9
Stickhydroid	Eudendrium ramosum	4
–	Myrionema amboinense	14
–	Myrionema hargitti	4
Geryoniidae
Trunked jellyfish	Geryonia proboscidalis	4
Jewel Jelly	Liriope tetraphylla	3
Haleciidae
–	Halecium bermudense	7
–	Halecium dyssymetrum	3
–	Halecium lightbourni	7
–	Halecium nanum	10
–	Halecium tenellum	4
Common curled hydroid	Nemalecium lighti	14
Halicreatidae
–	Halicreas minimum	108
Halopterididae
–	Antennella gracilis	1
–	Antennella quadriaurita	3
Common wiry feather hydroid	Antennella secundaria	9
–	Halopteris alternata	1
Thread Hydroid	Halopteris carinata	1
–	Halopteris diaphana	9
Hebellidae
–	Anthohebella communis	1
–	Hebella dyssymetra	2
–	Hebella scandens	2
–	Scandia gigas	1
–	Scandia mutabilis	2
Hippopodiidae
–	Hippopodius hippopus	16
Hydractiniidae
–	Hydractinia arge	4
Kirchenpaueriidae
–	Kirchenpaueria halecioides	8
Lafoeidae
–	Acryptolaria conferta	4
–	Acryptolaria longitheca	1
–	Filellum serratum	4
–	Lafoea coalescens	8
Laodiceidae
–	Laodicea undulata	4
Lovenellidae
–	Lovenella cirrata	1
Oceaniidae
Hydroid	Corydendrium parasiticum	5
–	Oceania armata	1
–	Rhizogeton sterreri	2
Benjamin Button Jellyfish	Turritopsis dohrnii	1
–	Turritopsis nutricula	6
Olindiidae
Cigar Jelly	Olindias muelleri	3
–	Olindias tenuis	1
Pandeidae
–	Leuckartiara octona	1
–	Pandea conica	41
Red Paper Lantern Jelly	Pandea rubra	5
–	Pelagiana trichodesmiae	1
Pennariidae
Christmas Tree Hydroid	Pennaria disticha	21
Phylactothecidae
–	Hydrodendron gracilis	1
Physaliidae
Portuguese man o’ warin our photo guide	Physalia physalis	197
Plumulariidae
–	Monotheca margaretta	9
–	Plumularia antonbruuni	2
–	Plumularia floridana	4
Little Seabristle	Plumularia setacea	8
–	Plumularia strictocarpa	14
Porpitidae
Blue Button	Porpita porpita	4
By-the-wind sailorin our photo guide	Velella velella	42
Prayidae
–	Amphicaryon acaule	2
Rhizophysidae
–	Rhizophysa eysenhardtii	1
–	Rhizophysa filiformis	1
Rhopalonematidae
–	Crossota brunnea	7
–	Pantachogon haeckeli	37
Veiled medusa	Rhopalonema velatum	29
Sertularellidae
–	Sertularella areyi	1
–	Sertularella catena	1
–	Sertularella conica	12
–	Sertularella diaphana	9
–	Sertularella gayi	3
Sertulariidae
–	Amphisbetia distans	13
–	Diphasia tropica	3
Golden fern hydroid	Dynamena crisioides	6
–	Dynamena dalmasi	3
–	Dynamena disticha	4
Creeping Sertularia	Dynamena pumila	1
–	Dynamena quadridentata	3
–	Sertularia humilis	8
–	Tridentata marginata	7
–	Tridentata tumida	5
–	Tridentata turbinata	4
Solmarisidae
–	Pegantha clara	6
Sphaerocorynidae
–	Sphaerocoryne bedoti	4
Stylasteridae
Lace coral	Distichopora violacea	1
Syntheciidae
–	Hincksella cylindrica	1
–	Synthecium tubithecum	3
Thyroscyphidae
–	Symmetroscyphus intermedius	5
–	Thyroscyphus macrocyttarus	3
Unbranched Hydroid	Thyroscyphus marginatus	9
Tiarannidae
–	Chromatonema rubrum	3
Tubulariidae
–	Ectopleura mayeri	1
–	Ectopleura minerva	2
–	Ectopleura viridis	2
Solitary Sponge Hydroid	Zyzzyzus warreni	3
Zancleidae
–	Zanclea alba	2
–	Zanclea costata	4
–	Zanclea sessilis	1

Sea anemones, zoanthids and corallimorphs (Anthozoa other than corals; 36)

Common name	Scientific name	Bermuda records
Actiniidae
Maroon Anemone	Actinia bermudensis	42
Collared Sand Anemone	Actinostella flosculifera	19
–	Anemonia elegans	4
Dark star anemone	Anemonia melanaster	5
Sargassum anemone	Anemonia sargassensis	16
Gray warty anemone	Anthopleura krebsi	9
–	Anthopleura pallida	5
Red warty anemone	Bunodosoma granuliferum	1
Giant anemonein our photo guide	Condylactis gigantea	97
–	Isoaulactinia stelloides	2
Aiptasiidae
Corkscrew anemonein our photo guide	Bartholomea annulata	52
Pale Anemone	Exaiptasia diaphana	79
Aliciidae
Branching Anemone	Lebrunia neglecta	31
Amphianthidae
–	Amphianthus bathybium	1
–	Stephanauge abyssicola	2
Andvakiidae
Blunt-tentacled Anemone	Telmatactis cricoides	13
–	Telmatactis solidago	6
–	Telmatactis vernonia	19
Arachnactidae
–	Dactylactis digitata	4
Banded Tube-dwelling Anemone	Isarachnanthus nocturnus	14
–	Ovactis bermudensis	2
Boloceroididae
Turtle Grass Anemone	Bunodeopsis globulifera	36
Corallimorphidae
Jewel anemone	Corynactis parvula	1
Discosomidae
Coral anemone	Discosoma carlgreni	23
Warty Corallimorph	Rhodactis osculifera	38
Hydrozoanthidae
–	Terrazoanthus minutus	1
Parazoanthidae
Sponge Zoanthid	Umimayanthus parasiticus	23
Phymanthidae
Red Beaded Anemone	Phymanthus crucifer	55
Ricordeidae
Florida corallimorph	Ricordea florida	2
Sphenopidae
Caribbean Sea Mat	Palythoa caribaeorum	26
Brown Colonial Anemone	Palythoa grandiflora	57
Sun Zoanthid	Palythoa grandis	6
Knobbed zoanthidean	Palythoa mammillosa	6
Atlantic Encrusting Zoanthid	Palythoa variabilis	1
Zoanthidae
Knobbly Zoanthid	Isaurus tuberculatus	7
Olive Zoanthid	Zoanthus sociatus	14

Comb jellies (Ctenophora; 4)

Common name	Scientific name	Bermuda records
Cestidae
Venus' Girdle	Cestum veneris	3
Coeloplanidae
Vallicula Comb Jelly	Vallicula multiformis	4
Eurhamphaeidae
Redspot Comb Jelly	Eurhamphaea vexilligera	1
Leucotheidae
Warty Comb Jelly	Leucothea multicornis	1

Sponges (Porifera; 154)

Common name	Scientific name	Bermuda records
Amphoriscidae
–	Leucilla uter	1
Ancorinidae
–	Asteropus ketostea	3
–	Stelletta grubii	1
Aplysinidae
Branching Tube Sponge	Aiolochroia crassa	43
Yellow Tube Sponge	Aplysina fistularis	14
Scattered Pore Rope Sponge	Aplysina fulva	23
Yellow-green candle sponge	Aplysina insularis	5
Aulocalycidae
–	Leioplegma polyphyllon	1
–	Rhabdodictyum delicatum	2
Axinellidae
–	Dragmacidon clathriforme	1
–	Dragmacidon reticulatum	8
Red tree sponge	Ptilocaulis walpersii	22
Azoricidae
–	Desmascula desdemona	3
–	Leiodermatium lynceus	1
Biemnidae
–	Biemna microstyla	5
Callyspongiidae
Branching Vase Sponge	Callyspongia aculeata	42
–	Callyspongia arcesiosa	3
–	Callyspongia eschrichtii	2
–	Callyspongia fallax	1
Chalinidae
–	Haliclona amphioxa	7
Blue Tube Sponge	Haliclona caerulea	12
Ashy horny sponge	Haliclona cinerea	9
–	Haliclona molitba	28
–	Haliclona tubifera	4
–	Haliclona variabilis	5
–	Haliclona vermeuleni	7
Chondrillidae
Chicken liver sponge	Chondrilla caribensis	9
Potato Sponge	Chondrilla nucula	52
Chondropsidae
–	Strongylacidon bermuda	8
–	Strongylacidon griseum	8
Chondrosiidae
–	Chondrosia collectrix	5
Cladorhizidae
–	Abyssocladia polycephalus	3
Clathrinidae
Yellow Calcareous Sponge	Arturia canariensis	2
–	Clathrina aphrodita	1
Yellow Clathrina	Clathrina clathrus	4
White Lace Calcareous Sponge	Clathrina coriacea	12
–	Clathrina hondurensis	1
–	Clathrina primordialis	1
Clionaidae
Yellow boring sponge	Cliona amplicavata	7
Coral Encrusting Sponge	Cliona caribbaea	10
Sulphur Boring Sponge	Cliona celata	3
Orange boring sponge	Cliona dioryssa	7
Yellow boring sponge	Cliona flavifodina	5
Yellow boring sponge	Cliona paucispina	5
Brown Variable Sponge	Cliona varians	6
Orange boring sponge	Cliona vermifera	3
Red Boring Sponge	Cliothosa delitrix	2
Boring sponge	Pione lampa	35
Red Boring Sponge	Pione vastifica	2
–	Spheciospongia carnosa	1
Loggerhead Sponge	Spheciospongia vesparium	20
Coelosphaeridae
Garlic sponge	Lissodendoryx isodictyalis	17
Dactylocalycidae
–	Dactylocalyx pumiceus	1
Darwinellidae
–	Aplysilla glacialis	2
–	Aplysilla longispina	2
Encrusting rose sponge	Aplysilla rosea	6
Sulphur Sponge	Aplysilla sulfurea	6
–	Chelonaplysilla americana	14
–	Chelonaplysilla betinensis	3
–	Chelonaplysilla erecta	1
–	Darwinella muelleri	1
Dendyidae
–	Ascandra contorta	1
Desmacellidae
–	Desmacella jania	6
Dictyodendrillidae
–	Dictyodendrilla nux	12
Strawberry Sponge	Igernella notabilis	2
Dysideidae
–	Dysidea etheria	39
Brittle horny sponge	Dysidea fragilis	5
–	Dysidea janiae	13
–	Dysidea variabilis	6
Esperiopsidae
–	Ulosa monticulosa	4
Euplectellidae
–	Euplectella nodosa	2
Geodiidae
Barrett's horny sponge	Geodia barretti	1
White encrusting sponge	Geodia gibberosa	12
–	Geodia megastrella	3
–	Geodia pachydermata	3
Grantiidae
–	Leucandra armata	1
Cryptic white sponge	Leucandra aspera	11
–	Leucandra barbata	3
–	Leucandra crustacea	3
Halichondriidae
Diurnal horny sponge	Hymeniacidon heliophila	2
Halisarcidae
–	Halisarca caerulea	1
Hemiasterellidae
–	Hemiasterella ajax	4
Hymerhabdiidae
–	Prosuberites carriebowensis	9
Ianthellidae
–	Vansoestia caribensis	2
Iotrochotidae
Green Finger Sponge	Iotrochota birotulata	1
Irciniidae
Vase Garlic Sponge	Ircinia campana	12
Stinker Sponge	Ircinia felix	28
–	Ircinia ramosa	2
Black Ball Sponge	Ircinia strobilina	3
–	Ircinia turrita	1
Variable loggerhead sponge	Ircinia variabilis	3
Stinker sponge	Sarcotragus fasciculatus	3
Leucascidae
–	Ascaltis reticulum	3
Leucettidae
–	Leucetta floridana	10
Dead man's fingers	Leucetta microraphis	3
Leucosoleniidae
Clustered Leucosolenia	Leucosolenia botryoides	1
Microcionidae
Orange-Veined Encrusting Sponge	Clathria curacaoensis	1
–	Clathria echinata	2
–	Clathria minuta	1
–	Clathria spinosa	1
Mycalidae
–	Mycale magnirhaphidifera	1
–	Mycale microsigmatosa	18
Niphatidae
–	Amphimedon cellulosa	3
–	Amphimedon complanata	1
–	Amphimedon elastica	2
–	Amphimedon micropora	2
Green Sponge	Amphimedon viridis	32
Brown Bowl Sponge	Cribrochalina vasculum	4
–	Niphates alba	2
–	Niphates caycedoi	12
Pink Vase Sponge	Niphates digitalis	1
Lavender Rope Sponge	Niphates erecta	29
Phloeodictyidae
–	Oceanapia hondurasensis	1
–	Oceanapia nodosa	4
Plakinidae
–	Plakina cyanorosea	1
–	Plakinastrella onkodes	1
–	Plakortis simplex	2
Polymastiidae
–	Polymastia varia	1
Raspailiidae
–	Eurypon clavatum	3
–	Eurypon viride	2
Rossellidae
–	Crateromorpha bermudensis	2
Scopalinidae
Ruetzleri's Scopalina	Scopalina ruetzleri	32
Spirastrellidae
Pink & Red Encrusting Sponge	Spirastrella coccinea	7
–	Spirastrella hartmani	10
Encrusting sponge	Spirastrella mollis	4
Spongiidae
Velvet sponge	Hippospongia gossypina	2
Hardhead sponge	Spongia barbara	2
–	Spongia hospes	1
–	Spongia lignea	4
Reef sponge	Spongia obliqua	1
Turkey cup sponge	Spongia officinalis	3
–	Spongia tubulifera	5
Stelligeridae
–	Paratimea camelus	2
Suberitidae
–	Aaptos aaptos	2
–	Aaptos bergmanni	9
–	Aaptos pernucleata	1
Lobate sponge	Suberites aurantiacus	9
–	Terpios fugax	13
Syconidae
–	Sycon ampulla	1
–	Sycon barbadense	1
Small Calcareous Cup	Sycon ciliatum	2
Tedaniidae
Chili pepper sponge	Tedania anhelans	2
Fire spongein our photo guide	Tedania ignis	81
Tethyidae
–	Halicometes stellata	3
Tangerine sponge	Tethya actinia	36
Golf ball sponge	Tethya aurantium	1
Golf Ball Sponge	Tethya diploderma	1
Tetillidae
Yellow Moon Sponge	Cinachyrella alloclada	7
Brazilian Moon Sponge	Cinachyrella apion	10
–	Cinachyrella cavernosa	3
–	Craniella cranium	2
Theneidae
–	Thenea fenestrata	1
Thorectidae
–	Hyrtios caracasensis	5
–	Smenospongia cerebriformis	1

Bristle worms (Polychaeta; 152)

Common name	Scientific name	Bermuda records
Acrocirridae
–	Flabelligella papillata	2
Amphinomidae
–introduced	Amphinome rostrata	3
Orange Fire Worm	Eurythoe complanata	40
Bearded firewormin our photo guide	Hermodice carunculata	18
–	Notopygos megalops	1
Arenicolidae
American Lug Worm	Arenicola cristata	6
Capitellidae
–	Dasybranchus rectus	2
–	Eunotomastus grubei	1
Chaetopteridae
–	Spiochaetopterus oculatus	1
Chrysopetalidae
–	Bhawania goodei	14
Cirratulidae
–	Caulleriella cabbsi	2
–	Cirratulus assimilis	1
–	Cirratulus elongatus	1
–	Cirriformia filigera	3
–	Cirriformia grandis	7
–	Cirriformia spirabrancha	1
–	Cirriformia websteri	15
–	Protocirrineris chrysoderma	3
–	Timarete caribous	7
Striped Thread-gilled Worm	Timarete punctata	14
Dorvilleidae
–	Dorvillea sociabilis	5
–	Neotenotrocha sterreri	13
–	Schistomeringos rogeri	2
–	Schistomeringos rudolphi	1
Eulepethidae
–	Pareulepis wyvillei	1
Eunicidae
–	Eunice barvicensis	1
–	Eunice cirrobranchiata	1
–	Eunice denticulata	2
–	Eunice elegans	1
–	Eunice filamentosa	11
–	Eunice goodei	2
–	Eunice goodsiri	1
–	Eunice kinbergi	9
–	Eunice longisetis	6
–	Eunice stigmatura	3
–	Eunice vittata	9
–	Leodice unifrons	1
–	Leodice websteri	2
–	Lysidice hebes	3
–	Lysidice ninetta	4
–	Marphysa acicularum	3
–	Marphysa fragilis	1
–	Marphysa regalis	7
Red rock worm	Marphysa sanguinea	7
–	Nicidion mutilata	22
–	Nicidion obtusa	3
–	Palola siciliensis	1
Glyceridae
–	Glycera brevicirris	8
–	Glycera oxycephala	4
–	Glycera tesselata	4
Hesionidae
–	Hesiocaeca bermudensis	1
–	Hesione picta	6
–	Oxydromus obscurus	2
Lumbrineridae
–	Lumbrinerides nasuta	3
–	Lumbrineris aniara	1
–	Lumbrineris floridana	3
–	Lumbrineris perkinsi	1
Maldanidae
–	Axiothella somersi	4
–	Euclymene coronata	3
Nereididae
Clam Worm	Alitta succinea	6
–	Ceratocephale abyssorum	2
–	Ceratonereis maya	2
–	Ceratonereis mirabilis	3
–	Perinereis anderssoni	20
–	Perinereis floridana	1
Comb-toothed Nereid	Platynereis dumerilii	7
–	Rullierinereis profunda	1
–	Typhlonereis gracilis	1
Nerillidae
Cave archiannelidprotectedLives in Bermuda’s flooded caves.	Leptonerilla prospera	4
Cave archiannelid	Speleonerilla saltatrix	26
Oenonidae
Iridescent Worm	Arabella iricolor	20
–	Oenone fulgida	6
Onuphidae
–	Mooreonuphis jonesi	33
Opheliidae
–	Armandia maculata	3
–	Polyophthalmus pictus	2
Orbiniidae
–	Naineris laevigata	5
–	Questa riseri	1
–	Theodisca setosa	8
Pectinariidae
Icecream cone worm	Pectinaria regalis	3
Phyllodocidae
–	Genetyllis bermudae	1
–	Vanadis longissima	1
Polynoidae
–	Gorgoniapolynoe caeciliae	1
–	Halosydna leucohyba	10
–	Sheila bathypelagica	1
Psammodrilidae
–	Psammodrilus moebjergi	6
–	Psammodrilus swedmarki	12
Sabellariidae
Devil Worm	Lygdamis wirtzi	2
Sabellidae
Variegated Feather Duster	Bispira melanostigma	10
Sabellid polychaete	Branchiomma bairdi	1
–	Branchiomma conspersum	2
Black-spotted Feather Duster	Branchiomma nigromaculatum	3
–	Hypsicomus torquatus	6
–	Pseudobranchiomma emersoni	2
Scalibregmatidae
–	Scalibregmella antennata	1
Serpulidae
Filigree Worm	Filograna implexa	1
–	Hydroides bispinosa	2
Tube-building worm	Hydroides dirampha	1
–	Hydroides elegantula	7
–	Hydroides parva	8
–	Josephella marenzelleri	2
–	Neodexiospira formosa	15
–	Neodexiospira steueri	1
–	Placostegus assimilis	4
–	Pseudovermilia occidentalis	8
–	Rhodopsis pusilla	9
–	Spiraserpula ypsilon	1
Christmas tree wormin our photo guide	Spirobranchus giganteus	15
–	Spirorbis mutabilis	2
–	Vermiliopsis annulata	10
Sigalionidae
–	Pholoides dorsipapillatus	1
–	Sthenelais setosa	3
Spionidae
–	Microspio fischeri	3
Syllidae
–	Amblyosyllis ovei	1
–	Branchiosyllis exilis	6
–	Branchiosyllis lamellifera	6
–	Branchiosyllis oculata	1
–	Brania rugulosa	2
–	Eusyllis longisetosa	2
–	Exogone arenosa	3
–	Exogone atlantica	2
–	Haplosyllis cephalata	11
–	Haplosyllis spongicola	8
–	Odontosyllis brachydonta	2
Bermuda Fireworm	Odontosyllis enopla	9
–	Opisthosyllis nuchalis	6
–	Opisthosyllis viridis	1
–	Parapionosyllis longicirrata	1
–	Salvatoria nitidula	3
–	Sphaerosyllis magnidentata	2
–	Syllis corallicola	42
–	Synsyllis longigularis	4
–	Trypanosyllis attenuata	2
–	Trypanosyllis tenella	2
–	Typosyllis diplomorpha	2
Terebellidae
–	Enoplobranchus sanguineus	3
–	Eupolymnia crassicornis	4
–	Eupolymnia magnifica	15
–	Loimia bermudensis	3
Medusa Spaghetti Worm	Loimia medusa	3
–	Nicolea modesta	3
–	Polycirrus carolinensis	2
–	Polycirrus corallicola	5
–	Polycirrus pennulifera	5
–	Polycirrus purpureus	3
–	Polymniella aurantiaca	2
–	Streblosoma hartmanae	1
–	Thelepus taiwanensis	1
–	Thelepus tenuis	6
–	Thelepus verrilli	1
Thalassematidae
–	Ochetostoma baronii	2
Trichobranchidae
–	Terebellides lobatus	1
–	Terebellides stroemii	1

Marine oligochaete worms (Clitellata; 59)

Common name	Scientific name	Bermuda records
Enchytraeidae
White Potworm	Enchytraeus albidus	5
–	Enchytraeus christenseni	2
–	Grania americana	29
–	Grania bermudensis	25
–	Grania hylae	43
–	Grania laxartus	68
–	Grania macrochaeta	1
–	Marionina achaeta	8
–	Marionina appendiculata	2
Annelid	Marionina coatesae	2
–	Marionina levitheca	1
–	Marionina mesopsamma	1
–	Marionina nevisensis	36
–	Marionina spicula	11
–	Marionina subterranea	3
–	Marionina swedmarki	11
–	Marionina waltersi	1
–	Stephensoniella marina	11
–	Stephensoniella sterreri	7
–	Stephensoniella trevori	4
Megascolecidae
Earthworm	Pontodrilus litoralis	9
Naididae
–	Adelodrilus magnithecatus	46
–	Aktedrilus locyi	2
–	Aktedrilus monospermathecus	11
–	Aktedrilus parvithecatus	22
–	Bathydrilus adriaticus	7
–	Bathydrilus asymmetricus	1
–	Bermudrilus peniatus	14
–	Coralliodrilus leviatriatus	11
–	Duridrilus tardus	8
–	Heterodrilus arenicolus	4
–	Heterodrilus bulbiporus	3
–	Heterodrilus ersei	9
–	Heterodrilus minisetosus	39
–	Heterodrilus pentcheffi	37
–	Heterodrilus quadrithecatus	52
–	Inanidrilus aduncosetis	7
–	Inanidrilus leukodermatus	82
–	Limnodriloides barnardi	25
–	Limnodriloides claviger	5
–	Limnodriloides monothecus	5
–	Limnodriloides rubicundus	4
–	Olavius alius	28
–	Olavius loisae	14
–	Olavius longissimus	4
–	Olavius planus	15
–	Olavius tenuissimus	6
–	Pectinodrilus molestus	10
–	Pectinodrilus rectisetosus	30
–	Phallodriloides exiguus	18
–protectedLives in Bermuda’s flooded caves.	Phallodriloides macmasterae	4
–	Smithsonidrilus hummelincki	10
–	Smithsonidrilus westoni	2
–	Tectidrilus bori	55
–	Tectidrilus gabriellae	9
–	Thalassodrilides belli	2
–	Thalassodrilides ineri	2
–	Tubificoides bermudae	61
–	Tubificoides parviductus	4

Peanut worms (Sipuncula; 19)

Common name	Scientific name	Bermuda records
Aspidosiphonidae
–	Aspidosiphon fischeri	2
–	Aspidosiphon laevis	1
Golfingiidae
–	Golfingia elongata	9
–	Nephasoma constricticervix	2
Peanut worm	Nephasoma diaphanes	2
–	Nephasoma flagriferum	1
Phascoliidae
–	Onchnesoma magnibathum	2
Peanut worm	Phascolion strombus	2
Phascolosomatidae
–	Apionsoma misakianum	1
–	Apionsoma murinae	10
–	Phascolosoma nigrescens	1
–	Phascolosoma perlucens	2
–	Phascolosoma scolops	1
–	Phascolosoma stephensoni	1
Sipunculidae
–	Siphonosoma cumanense	6
–	Sipunculus indicus	1
Common Peanut Worm	Sipunculus nudus	2
–	Sipunculus polymyotus	3
Themistidae
–	Themiste lageniformis	1

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